Many injuries to the genitourinary tract are subtle and difficult to diagnose. Therefore, an early diagnosis and great diagnostic expertise are essential to prevent serious complications.

A physical examination will then be performed to check for any symptoms associated with injuries to the genitourinary tract.

The following tests may be recommended to make a definite diagnosis:

• Catheterization: Urinary catheters are tubes placed into the bladder to drain the urine. Catheterization will not be performed if there is blood at the opening of the urethra, a sign of injury to the urethra.
• Abdominal Computed Tomography (CT): A computed tomography (CT) scan uses X-rays to produce detailed pictures of the body's internal structures, such as the abdomen. An abdominal CT scan is used to help identify injuries to the kidneys.
• Retrograde Cystography: During this test, contrast dye is injected into the bladder through the urethra. X-rays are then taken of the bladder, which helps to identify injuries to the bladder.
• Urethrography: This test involves taking X-rays of the urethra to identify any injuries or obstructions in this area.
• Arteriography: Arteriography involves taking an X-ray of blood vessels. Before X-rays are taken, a dye is injected into surrounding arteries so that the blood vessels are visible on the X-ray. In cases of suspected genitourinary injuries, arteriographies are useful in examining the blood vessels of the kidneys to check for injuries in that area.
• Intravenous Urography: This test involves taking an X-ray of the urinary tract. Before X-rays are taken, a dye is injected to make urine visible on the X-ray, which shows any blockages in the urinary tract or problems with the kidneys.

Urethral Trauma:
Trauma to the anterior urethra is often from straddle injuries. This can occur with a sharp blow to the perineum. This type of trauma can lead to scars in the urethra (" urethral stricture"). These scars can slow or block the flow of urine from the penis.

Trauma to the posterior urethra almost always results from a severe injury. In males, posterior urethral trauma may tear the urethra completely away below the prostate. These wounds can form scar tissue that slows or blocks the urine flow.

For females, urethral injuries are rare. They're always linked to pelvic fractures or cuts, tears, or direct trauma to the body near the vagina.

Urethral injury can also result from objects piercing the sex organs or pelvis.

Journal of Nephrology and Urology is an Open Access peer-reviewed publication that discusses current research and advancements in diagnosis and management of kidney disorders as well as related epidemiology, pathophysiology and molecular genetics.

To submit a new manuscript authors should use the online submission system. Authors may submit their manuscript via online tracking system https://www.imedpub.com/submissions/nephrology-urology.html or as an attachment to email:  manuscripts@imedpub.com

Regards
Maya Wilson
Editorial Office
Journal of Nephrology and Urology