Embolisation of blood vessels of the kidney can be used as a treatment modality for some kidney tumours. It is also an effective tool to limit the blood loss during kidney surgery. Bleeding from or into the kidneys can happen especially in cases of surgery or after stone removal. Bleeding from and into the kidneys can be a major source of morbidity and mortality. To prevent any life threatening complication from persistent bleeding refractory to conservative management the mainstay of treatment is surgical removal of the kidney. However, now in a majority of cases the bleeding can be stopped by this procedure and the kidney can be saved.

The procedure involves accessing the renal artery through the groin and injecting particles or coils into the vessel to block the blood flow. Bleeding vessel can be closed by embolization techniques, thereby saving the patient from another extensive surgery or in some cases removal of kidney. Embolisation of selective renal vessels can be done for treatment of non- malignant conditions like angiomyolipomas or a pre-operative procedure in nephron sparing surgery.

It is a day care procedure and there is a possibility that the patient can be discharged on the same day. Renal revascularization is mostly requested to investigate renal artery stenosis, flush pulmonary edema and rapidly decreasing renal function. Renal artery angioplasty and stenting is a complex procedure this module focuses on teaching fundamental techniques to junior fellows. Experience in all aspects of peripheral angioplasty and a familiarity with interventional devices and associated techniques is important. The module features a variety of renal lesions, anatomies, and the possibility to practice alternative access for severely angulated renal take offs.These treatments are not truly cures for kidney disease. In the context of chronic kidney disease, they are more accurately viewed as life-extending treatments, although if chronic kidney disease is managed well with dialysis and a compatible graft is found early and is successfully transplanted, the clinical course can be quite favorable, with life expectancy of many years.

Journal of Imaging and Interventional Radiology is the peer-reviewed journal of choice for interventional radiologists, radiologists, cardiologists, vascular surgeons, neurosurgeons, and other clinicians who seek current and reliable information on every aspect of interventional radiology.
Each issue in Journal of Imaging and Interventional Radiology covers critical and cutting-edge medical minimally invasive, clinical, basic research, radiological, pathological, and socioeconomic issues of importance to the field. The journal is a medium for original articles, reviews, pictorial essays, technical notes and case reports related to all fields of interventional radiology. Manuscripts can be submitted to online at https://www.imedpub.com/submissions/imaging-interventional-radiology.html or an attachment to mail: radiology@emedscholar.comBest wishes

Ann Jose

Journal coordinator

Journal of Imaging and Interventional Radiology

intervradiology@longdomjournal.org